Reserach Critique

ARTICLE 1Kovandzic , Tomislav V , John J Sloan III , Lynne M Vieraitis . Striking Out as Crime Reduction reparation : The Impact of Three Strkes Laws on Crime Rates in U .S . Cities Justice Quarterly : JQ . Highland Heights June 2004 . Vol . 21 , Iss . 2 ,. 207-239Research DesignThe study hired a multiple gruntle series (MTS ) design in evaluating whether ` iii pertains laws do in fact reduce most forms of serious ain (murder , educate , robbery , and aggravated assault ) and property (burglary and motor vehicle theft ) law-breaking . Specifically , it demonst evaluate the dominance deterrent and incapacitative personal effects of the laws on serious villainy rates through the use of panel data collected for 188 U .S . cities (with populations of speed of light ,000 or more ) from the period 1980-2000The present s tudy extends former seek in several ways (1 ) it includes many learn varyings in the statistical pretences to mitigate the problem of omitted variable deflect (2 ) it utilised a longer post-intervention period in the models , to examine the potential incapacitative effects of the laws , which would unlikely appear until categorys aft(prenominal) the laws had been passed and (3 ) it attempts to channelize the issue of simultaneity (i .e , rising hatred rates may affect the passage and application of three strikes laws ) in the horror rate modelsMTS is considered one of the strongest quasi-experimental research designs to evaluate the shock absorber of woeful justice policy , its main advantage being that it allows the police identifyive to treat the passage of three strikes laws as a earthy experiment - the 110 cities within the `three strikes states are considered as treatment cities and the 78 no-change cities as controlsSpecifically , the researchers compa red observed changes in crime rates in the t! reatment cities (before and after three strike laws ) to observed changes in crime rates in the control cities .

If three strikes laws reduced crime through deterrence and incapacitation consequently the treatment cities should experience an immediate drop in crime greater than the control cities at the metre the laws were select , with an superfluous reduction spread out over time as offenders began serving the additional portion of their prison harm callable to the three strikes sentence enhancementAdditional advantages of the MTS design include the top executive to inclose proxy variables for omitted variables that cause crime rat es to substitute crosswise years and cities a larger sample size (n 3 ,320 or more ) to allow inclusion of numerous controls in the crime rate models for factors that might be correlate with otherwise explanatory variables and may lead to spurious associations among these variables (Wooldridge 2000 and greater statistical power (given the large sample size ) which basin detect more modest effects of three strikes laws on crime ratesFollowing convention for time-series cross-section data , the basic model apply is the fixed-effects model . This entails a dichotomous dummy variable for each metropolis and year , except the first year and city , to avoid perfect collinearity (Hsiao , 1986 : 41-58 Pindyck Rubinfeld 1991 : 224-226 . The year and city dummies are an total part of...If you want to get a to the full essay, suppose it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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